When you're adding and removing stuff from the beginning and end of a JavaScript array, it can be tough to remember which method does what. Here are some tips:

• Unshift and shift make the whole array shift sideways (by adding and removing items from the beginning).

• Push and pop do NOT make the array shift sideways (because they add and remove items at the end).

• In each of those pairs (push/pop and unshift/shift), the longer word makes the array longer.

If you're curious, I made a quick animation to illustrate these points.

I hope this helps!

Note that this is more of a memorization trick than a full explanation, so feel free to check out MDN for full details and examples of push, pop, shift, and unshift.