TL;DR: to update you remove the image and the container using it.

It looks like it is hard to find an answer to the particular question in the title especially if you are a person like me who uses Docker rarely.

The steps

$ docker images

REPOSITORY           TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
browserless/chrome   latest    240fb1d898bf   17 hours ago    3.84GB

$ docker image rm 240fb1d898bf

Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 240fb1d898bf (cannot be forced) - image is being used by running container 89211e1df4eb

$ docker container rm 89211e1df4eb

$ docker image rm 240fb1d898bf

Of course make sure you do turn off the container as well. Trying to remove the image lists the relevant container ID which you might be missing from the list when you do docker container ls when it is not running.

After this you can do the usual docker compose up -d and new browserless/chrome will be installed.

Very handy as the latest version out of the door just broke all the existing visual regression test image snapshots.