How can we draw Fonts in OpenGL

We can draw all kinds of 3D Models in OpenGL. But oftentimes we also need to draw Fonts in OpenGL. How can we make that?

Luckily there are a few open-source fonts rendering libraries out there. I'll guide you to make use of one of them: FTGL.

I. Libraries we'll need to use.

OpenGL
FTGL
freeglut
freetype

II. Compile the libraries in Visual Studio 2022 / VC++.

freeglut

I downloaded freeglut v3.4.0 from Sourceforge. And use CMake to build VC++ project management files.
CMake has a very easy to use GUI on Windows platforms.

With the generated freeglut.sln we can open the project. Select building options of x64 & release.
As we don't need other external libraries, we can build it directly.

Then we'll have a freeglut.lib or freeglut_static.lib for later use.

freetype

I downloaded freetype v2.13.2 from freetype.org.

I'll recommend you to get the sources packages from their official websites if they have. You'll encounter fewer building errors in stead of using the newest code from their GitHub repositories.

After all, tuning rendering effects are much more interesting than solving building blockers.

We can open the default freetype.sln provided by this source package in VC++ to build it. Before start building, please select x64 & release options first. After that, we'll get the binary freetype.lib.

FTGL

We can use default ftgl.sln in source package to build. Please select x64 & release first.
And we'll need to configure include paths & library paths to the project. We'll also need to add freeglut.lib & freetype.lib to the linker settings.
In the end, we'll get ftgl.lib.

III. Write a FTGL demo. Sample code:

// Demo code
void Demo_code(void)
{
    // Resolutions of the picture
    const GLfloat width = 800;
    const GLfloat height = 600;

    glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
    glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
    glClearDepth(1.0f);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
    glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
    glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);

    // Load the Font
    // Use any TTF font name you like here
    font = (FTGLfont*)new FTGLPolygonFont("./Mona-Regular-2.ttf");
    if (((FTGLPolygonFont*)font)->Error())
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to load font\n");
        return;
    }

    // Clear all pixels
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    // Set perspective view
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluPerspective(45.0f, (GLfloat)width / (GLfloat)height, 0.1f, 100.0f);

    glPushMatrix();
    // Place camera
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glLoadIdentity();
    // Adjust the position of the text
    glTranslatef(-0.5f, 0.0f, -5.0f);
    // Rotate the text to be vertically
    glRotatef(55.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
    glScalef(0.35f, 0.35f, 0.35f);

    if (font)
    {
        // Render Fonts
        ((FTGLPolygonFont*)font)->FaceSize(0);
        glTranslatef(-6.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
        ((FTGLPolygonFont*)font)->Render("You know Bill?");

        glColor4d(0.0, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.8f);
        glTranslatef(0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f);
        ((FTGLPolygonFont*)font)->Render("You know Bill?");
    }

    glPopMatrix();
    // Render
    glutSwapBuffers();
}