// Constructor for data initialization for different argument
ListNode() : data(0), next(nullptr) {}
ListNode(int x) : data(x), next(nullptr) {}
ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : data(x), next(next) {}

// Insertion at beginning
void InsertAtBegining(int data)
{
    ListNode *newNode = new ListNode(data); // New ListNode creation via ListNode structure constructor(Dynamically)
    newNode->next = head; // Since head contain the address of first ListNode, put that address in newNode->next
    head = newNode;       // Now head is pointing to newNode , i.e. newNode is the new head of ListNode
}

// Insertion at end
void InsertionAtEnd(int data)
{
    ListNode *newNode = new ListNode(data);

    // If list is empty, add newNode
    if (head == nullptr)
    {
        head = newNode;
        return;
    }

    // Traverse to the end of list
    ListNode *current = head;
    while (current->next != nullptr)
    {
        current = current->next;
    }
    // Now Add to the list 
    current->next = newNode;
}

// Insertion at any position
void InsertAtPosition(int data, int pos)
{
    // If pos is less than 0 or equals, insert at beginning
    if (pos <= 0)
    {
        InsertAtBegining(data);
        return;
    }
    // Traverse to the ListNode before the specified position
    ListNode *current = head;
    for (int i = 0; i < pos - 1 && current != nullptr; i++) {
        current = current->next;
    }
    // If pos is greater than the length of linked list, insert at end
    if(current == nullptr) {
        InsertionAtEnd(data);
        return;
    }
    // Insert newNode at specified position
    ListNode *newNode = new ListNode(data);
    newNode->next = current->next;
    current->next = newNode;
}

// Deletion at beginning
void DeletionAtBeginning() {
    if(head != nullptr) {
        ListNode *temp = head;
        head = temp->next;
        delete temp;
    }
    else {
        cout << "List is empty, Can't delete anything";
    }
}

// Deletion at End
void DeletionAtEnd() {
    // List is empty
    if(head == nullptr) {
        cout << "List is empty, Can't delete anything";
        return;
    }
    // If there is only one ListNode, make head equals nullptr
    if(head->next == nullptr) {
        delete head;
        head = nullptr;
        return;
    }
    // Traverse from second ListNode to last ListNode
    ListNode *temp = head;
    while(temp->next->next != nullptr) {
        temp = temp->next;
    }
    delete temp->next;
    temp->next = nullptr;
}

// Deletion at any position
void DeleteAtPosition(int pos) {
    // Invalid position or list is empty
    if(pos < 0 || head == nullptr) {
        cout << "List is empty or invalid position";
        return;
    }

    // First position
    if(pos == 0) {
        DeletionAtBeginning();
        return;
    }

    // Traverse till specified position
    ListNode *current = head;
    for (int i = 0; i < pos - 1 && current != nullptr; i++) {
        current = current->next;
    }
    // Specified position is beyond the ListNode length
    if(current == nullptr || current->next == nullptr) {
        cout << "Given position is beyond ListNode length";
        return;
    }
    // Delition at specified position
    ListNode *temp = current->next;
    current->next = current->next->next;
    delete temp;
}

void printList()
{
    while (head != nullptr)
    {
        cout << head->data << " ";
        head = head->next;
    }
}