Testing techniques

• Technique is a procedure or way to test the software and testing is nothing but by comparing the actual and expected results of the test case.

• Software tesing technique is helps to design the test case in such a way that minimal steps to write test cases are involved to test faster and capture maximum functionalities of the software.

Different types of testing techniques

1. Boundary Value Analysis
2. Equivalence Class Partitioning
3. Desition Table Analysis
4. Use case Testing
5. Linear code sequence and jump testing(LCSAJ)

Boundary value Analysis

• This testing will be used to test at the boundaries between partitions. It includes maximum, minimum, inside or outside boundary, typical values and error values.
• It is used to identify errors at boudaries of defined input values rather than the center.
• Where the test cases are selected at the edges of the values. It is also known as Black box testing.

for example: lets take the condition between 1 to 10

     1 ___________________________10

here, same
outside boundary is 0 inside boudary is 9
mininum value is 1 maximum boundary is 10
inside boudary is 2 outside boundary is 11

Boundary values are 0,1,2 and 9,10,11

Equivalence Class Partitioning

• It divides the input data into groups or set that the system behaviour is expected to be same.
• It is used in range of valid inputs like 1 to 10 and 20 to 30 and grouping into ... to 0, 1 to 10, 11 to 19, 20 to 30 and 31 to ... here to reduce the testcases instead of by using the BVA use ECP.
• In this used to identify valid and invalid cases. It is also known as Black Box Testing. Example test cases --- to 0 (invalid) 1 to 10 (valid) 11 to 19 (invalid) 20 to 30 (valid) 31 to ... (invalid)

Decision Table Analysis

• It is used to test the combination of input condition that leads to different outcomes i.e multiple inputs can result in various behaiour.
• It is also known as Black Box testing or Cause effect table Example if prime user A user is purchasing above 3000 --> 15% discount A user is purchasing below 3000 --> 10% discount if non prime user A user is purchasing above 3000 --> 5% discount A user is purchasing below 3000 --> 0 discount

Here combination is
1 - prime/non prime user
2 - price

Use Case Testing

• It is used to tesing the behavious of the system by using the various transition between different state.
• By giving the positive and negative input values for evaluating the system behaviour
• It is also known as Grey box tesing

Example: ATM machine
Entering crt pin ---> allows to take case
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incorrect pin --> error msg and againg allow to enter pin
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if correct pin allows to take case
if incorrect pin again error msg and the card is blocked to take card.

Error Guessing
It is based on guessing the error by using the experience to guess the problematic part of test application
Example
a= ?, b = ?
a/b
here if the denomination is '0' it throws the error

LCSAJ Testing

• In this technique is used to test the entire program from begining to end of the program if it is branches to test the branches also.
• It is also known as White Box testing.

Example: person eligible to vote or not by using the age.

           18 & above eligible to vote

 Age        

           less than 18

                  than it is 10 to 17 

i.e it is going to test branch by branch