In this post , we will build custom modal component with react js. We will build this Modal component from scratch without using any css framework.Below is the demo 😍 of what we will build going towards the end of this tutorial - very beautiful and fully customizable Modal Component.

We will proceed as below:

Creating a fresh react app.
Making and designing our Modal component.
A button to trigger an event to show Modal.

Creating a Fresh React App

Firstly , we will create a fresh react project with the help of create-react-app cli tool by using following command.

npx create-react-app modal

Let’s start the created app using npm start and open up your browser and go to http://localhost:3000. You’ll see react’s default app.
Now let's move on to the next step which is to designing and making of actual Modal component.

Making and designing our Modal component

Now , inside src folder of our app , we will create components folder. Inside this component folder , we will create a modal folder which will have Modal.js file for having modal component and modal.module.css file having css styling for our Modal component.

Getting back to designing part, below is the code snippet for it.

/* modal.module.css */

.modal__wrap {
    position: fixed;
    display: block;
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    margin: 0 auto;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100vw;
    height: 100vh;
    z-index: 100;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    background-color: rgba(31, 32, 41, .75);
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 250ms 700ms ease;
}

.visible {
    pointer-events: auto;
    opacity: 1;
    transition: all 300ms ease-in-out;
}

.modal {
    overflow-y: scroll;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    width: 60vw;
    height: 60%;
    min-height: 400px;
    min-width: 400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    margin-top: 20px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    padding-bottom: 20px;
    background-color: #fff;
    align-self: center;
    box-shadow: 0 12px 25px 0 rgba(199, 175, 189, .25);
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.6);
    transition: opacity 250ms 250ms ease, transform 300ms 250ms ease;
    transform: scale(0);
}

.visible .modal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
    transition: opacity 250ms 500ms ease, transform 350ms 500ms ease;
}

.modal__wrap is the class which will have the styling for wrapper and backdrop of the modal.
.modal is the class which will have the styling of actual Modal component which will be hidden initially.
.visible class makes the Modal visible with fade in and fade out effect.

Now let’s create Modal component.
Below is the code snippet for it.

//Modal.js

import React, { useEffect, useRef } from 'react';
import Button from '../button/Button';
import CloseIcon from '../CloseIcon';
import styles from './modal.module.css';

const Modal = ({ modalStyle, children, show, onClose, backdropStyle }) => {
    const modalRef = useRef(null);
    useEffect(
        () => {
            if (show) {
                modalRef.current.classList.add(styles.visible);
            }
            else {
                modalRef.current.classList.remove(styles.visible);
            }
        },
        [
            show
        ]
    );
    return (
        <React.Fragment>
            <div ref={modalRef} style={backdropStyle} className={`${styles.modal__wrap}`}>
                <Button
                    onClick={onClose}
                    style={{ width: 60, height: 40, position: 'absolute', top: 0, right: 0, margin: '1rem' }}
                    className={styles.close__btn}
                >
                    <CloseIcon height="20px" width="20px" className={styles.close__icon} />
                </Button>
                <div style={modalStyle} className={styles.modal}>
                    {children}
                </div>
            </div>
        </React.Fragment>
    );
};

export default Modal;

This component will take four props:
1.modalStyle - With which one can customize the styling of visible modal window.

backdropStyle - With which one can customize the styling of the backdrop of modal window.
onClose - Event handler with which one can write logic to close the modal.
show - Boolean property which will decide wheather the modal is open or not.

Here , inside this component we have used two more component Button and CloseIcon. Now Button component is a simple button with basic styling. CloseIcon is just simply a svg icon to close the modal.

This component has two main functional parts

Firstly , inside useEffect() hook we will check if the show prop is true or not. If show is true , then we will add the .visible class to the component or else we will remove the .visible class from the Modal component with the help of useRef() react hook.
We will add onClose() handler passed by props to the onClick event handler of CloseIcon , so that modal will close on clicking it.

A button to trigger an event to show Modal

To make it simple, I added the Button in App.js file as below,


//App.js

import React, { useState } from 'react';
import './App.css';
import Button from './components/button/Button';
import Modal from './components/modal/Modal';

function App() {
    const [
        show,
        setShow
    ] = useState(false);
    return (
        <React.Fragment>
            <div style={{ display: 'flex', justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center', height: '100vh' }}>
                <Button onClick={() => setShow(true)}>Open Modal</Button>
            </div>
            <Modal show={show} onClose={() => setShow(false)}>
                <div className="content">
                    <img src="https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2015/01/09/11/11/office-594132__340.jpg" alt="Developer" />
                    <div className="text">
                        <h2>John Doe</h2>
                        <p>
                            Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Saepe aliquid placeat omnis
                            adipisci dolores quae amet mollitia sint, temporibus eum magnam facilis odio ex incidunt?
                            Deleniti quam et rem obcaecati. Laborum atque odit expedita nulla.
                        </p>
                        <p>
                            Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Expedita labore laborum, assumenda
                            dolorum provident quod itaque earum, officia in placeat dignissimos nostrum? Totam corrupti
                            nihil repudiandae ducimus atque quod eos!
                        </p>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </Modal>
        </React.Fragment>
    );
}

export default App;

That’s it you did it. It’s as simple as that. Now you can use this component anywhere in your project. For more articles like this please checkout my personal blog here.
This is link to CodeSandbox of Modal component.
Let me know if this tutorial was helpful for you guys and for which case you used it. Thank you for reading as always !!!

Blog

💪 Build Custom Modal/Popup Component In React JS

Satish Naikawadi

Creating a Fresh React App

Making and designing our Modal component

A button to trigger an event to show Modal

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