Luca
Posted on September 15, 2018
Automatically include all images from a folder with require.context and load them only when needed using dynamic import. A great way to optimize your site (or application) bandwidth, loading time and caching.
Source code
learn-webpack/lazy-load-multiple-images
How to
Lazy import an image
We can import an image as module thanks to file-loader which parse it and return its resolved path.
Create a function to dynamic import() an image, returns its parsed path and set it to <img>
src
attribute.
const lazyLoadImage = (imageName, img) => {
import(
/* webpackMode: "lazy-once" */
`./images/${imageName}`
)
.then(src => img.src = src.default)
.catch(err => console.error(err));
};
export default lazyLoadImage;
By default dynamic import create a new chunk for each imageName
, instead we want to create a single chunk for all images. To do so we use /* webpackMode: "lazy-once" */
which generates a single lazy-loadable chunk that can satisfy all calls to import()
. This is useful to prevent additional and unnecessary network requests when images are called. Read the list of webpackMode for more information.
Generate an image element
Create a function which generate an <img>
element, append it to a dom container, and run lazyLoadImage
function to set its src
attribute.
import lazyLoadImage from './lazyLoadImage';
const generateImage = (container, imageName) => {
const img = document.createElement('img');
container.appendChild(img);
lazyLoadImage(imageName, img);
};
export default generateImage;
Get images names
We need to get each imageName
to use them in lazyLoadImage
function. Use require.contex to import all .jpg
images from ./images
folder and match only their name with extension.
const getImagesNames = () => {
const r = require.context('./images', false, /\.jpg$/);
// return an array list of filenames (with extension)
const importAll = (r) => r.keys().map(file => file.match(/[^\/]+$/)[0]);
return importAll(r);
};
export default getImagesNames;
Generate all images
Create a javascript file called images.js that, when imported, will lazy-load and generate all images.
import getImagesNames from './getImagesNames';
import generateImage from './generateImage';
const images = document.querySelector('#images');
const imagesNames = getImagesNames();
// generate <img> element
// lazy-load each image and set its src attribute
// append <img> to #images container
imagesNames.forEach(name => generateImage(images, name));
Lazy load all images
You can now lazy-import images.js to generate all the images at once when needed.
if (somethingHappen) import(
/* webpackPrefetch: true */
'./images'
);
By using webpackPrefetch: true
, a link to the lazy-chunk will be placed in the <head>
tag. A prefetched chunk is downloaded while browser is idle, and stored in the browser cache for later use.
<link rel="prefetch" as="script" href="0.js">
More information in prefetching-preloading-modules and link-rel-prefetch-preload-in-webpack and preload-prefetch-and-priorities-in-chrome.
Notes
Inspect devtools network tab while viewing the app. Make sure to not disable cache in devtools, otherwise the prefetched chunk will not be served from the cache.
You can add webpackMode: "eager"
instead of webpackPrefetch: true
if you want to include images.js inside the main bundle.
This article is part of my learn-webpack repositories collection.
Further reading
- code-splitting by Juho Vepsäläinen
- the-100-correct-way-to-split-your-chunks-with-webpack by David Gilbertson
- webpack-and-dynamic-imports-doing-it-right by Rubens Pinheiro Gonçalves Cavalcante
Posted on September 15, 2018
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