*Magento:
**Core Language and Framework:
*
PHP: Magento is built primarily on PHP, a widely used server-side scripting language.

Zend Framework: It uses the Zend Framework, which provides a robust architecture for developing scalable applications.

*Database:
*
MySQL: Magento typically uses MySQL for data storage. It supports other databases like MariaDB and Percona as well.

*Frontend Technologies:
*
HTML, CSS, JavaScript: Standard web technologies for the front end.

Knockout.js: Used for implementing the MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel) pattern, particularly in the checkout process.

RequireJS: A JavaScript file and module loader used in Magento to manage JavaScript dependencies.

*APIs and Integrations:
*
REST and SOAP APIs: Magento supports both REST and SOAP APIs, allowing integration with various external systems.

GraphQL: Introduced in Magento 2.3, GraphQL provides a more efficient and flexible API for querying data.

*Additional Tools and Technologies:
*
Composer: A dependency manager for PHP, used extensively in Magento 2 for managing libraries and extensions.

Varnish: Often used for caching and improving site performance.

Elasticsearch: Used for advanced search capabilities.

_Saleor:
_
*Core Language and Framework:
*
Python: Saleor is built using Python, known for its simplicity and readability.

Django: Saleor is based on the Django framework, which is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design.

*Database:
*
PostgreSQL: The primary database used by Saleor. It also supports other relational databases like MySQL.

*Frontend Technologies:
*
React and Next.js: Saleor uses React for building dynamic user interfaces and Next.js for server-side rendering and static site generation.

GraphQL: Used extensively in Saleor for data fetching, offering a flexible and efficient way to query the backend.

*APIs and Integrations:
*
GraphQL: Saleor's API is fully based on GraphQL, making it highly flexible and efficient for front-end development.

Webhooks: Saleor supports webhooks for real-time notifications and integrations.

*Additional Tools and Technologies:
*
Docker: Often used for containerization, making deployment and scaling easier.

Kubernetes: Can be used for orchestrating containerized applications, offering high scalability and availability.

Celery: Used for handling asynchronous tasks and scheduling.

**Summary:
**Magento is built on PHP and the Zend Framework, with a traditional MVC architecture and a range of technologies for performance and integration. It supports both REST and GraphQL APIs, but historically has had a more monolithic approach.

Saleor is built with modern technologies like Python, Django, and React, emphasizing a headless architecture with a GraphQL API. This modern stack can provide better performance, easier scalability, and more flexibility for developers.

The choice between Magento and Saleor will depend on your team's familiarity with the tech stack, the specific needs of your project, and your long-term scalability and performance requirements.

Explore more about Saleor: [https://www.journeyh.io/services/saleor-composable-ecommerce]