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Definition

A binary search tree (BST) is a binary tree data structure that has:

• The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with values less than the node's value.

• The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with values greater than the node's value.

• The left and right subtree each is a binary search tree, too.

(Image's source: GeeksForGeeks)

Real-world Applications

3D game engines

Almost every 3D engine uses BST to determine which objects should be rendered in a 3D world, which is basically buffering Z orders instead of recalculating complex 3D positioning on every render.

It's famously used in Doom 1993 as the first time a BST had even been used in a game.

(Image's source: Wikipedia)

Compilers

To efficiently parse syntax expressions (e.g. programming languages), compilers use a special BST called syntax tree.

(Image's source: Wikipedia)

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