Hi everyone, this week I've been focusing on improving my skills in Variables and Data Types, control flow, modular programming, OOP, packages, and modules. I've gained a deeper understanding of these concepts and I believe that the best way to solidify my understanding is by putting it into practice. To do this, I plan on working on some mini projects that will allow me to revisit and reinforce what I've learned this week.

The following is an example of implementing a simple Todo List application using OOP concepts and control flow in Python

class Todo:
    def __init__(self, task):
        self.task = task
        self.is_done = False

    def __str__(self):
        return self.task + (' (Done)' if self.is_done else ' (Not done)')

    def mark_as_done(self):
        self.is_done = True


class TodoList:
    def __init__(self):
        self.todos = []

    def add_task(self, task):
        self.todos.append(Todo(task))

    def mark_as_done(self, task):
        for todo in self.todos:
            if todo.task == task:
                todo.mark_as_done()

    def __str__(self):
        return '\n'.join(str(todo) for todo in self.todos)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    todo_list = TodoList()
    while True:
        print('[1] Add task')
        print('[2] Mark task as done')
        print('[3] Quit')
        choice = int(input('Choose an option: '))
        if choice == 1:
            task = input('Enter task: ')
            todo_list.add_task(task)
        elif choice == 2:
            task = input('Enter task: ')
            todo_list.mark_as_done(task)
        elif choice == 3:
            break
        else:
            print('Invalid option.')
        print(todo_list)

Here is an explanation of where the concepts of OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) and control flow are used in the simple Todo List application.

The concept of OOP is used in the Todo List application through the use of classes and objects. There are two classes, Todo and TodoList. The Todo class represents an individual task and has two attributes: task (a string that represents the task) and is_done (a boolean that determines whether the task is complete or not). The Todo class also has a mark_as_done method which changes the is_done attribute to True.

The TodoList class represents a list of tasks and has one attribute: todos (a list of Todo objects). The TodoList class also has three methods: add_task, which adds a new task to the list; mark_as_done, which marks a task as complete; and __str__, which returns a string representation of the list of tasks.

The concept of control flow is used in the Todo List application through the use of a while loop and user input. The program will continue to loop as long as the user has not chosen the option to exit. Each time the program loops, the user can choose to add a task, mark a task as complete, or exit the application. Based on the selected option, the program will call the appropriate method from the TodoList object.

Creating a Simple Login and Register System in Python with Modular Programming and OOP Concepts

Code :

class User:
    def __init__(self, username, password):
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.is_logged_in = False

    def login(self, entered_username, entered_password):
        if entered_username == self.username and entered_password == self.password:
            self.is_logged_in = True
            return True
        return False

    def logout(self):
        self.is_logged_in = False

class UserManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.users = []

    def register(self, username, password):
        user = User(username, password)
        self.users.append(user)

    def login(self, username, password):
        for user in self.users:
            if user.login(username, password):
                return user
        return None

user_manager = UserManager()

def register():
    print("Register")
    print("--------")
    username = input("Enter username: ")
    password = input("Enter password: ")
    user_manager.register(username, password)
    print("Successfully registered.")

def login():
    print("Login")
    print("-----")
    username = input("Enter username: ")
    password = input("Enter password: ")
    user = user_manager.login(username, password)
    if user:
        print("Successfully logged in.")
        user.is_logged_in = True
    else:
        print("Login failed.")

def logout(user):
    user.logout()
    print("Successfully logged out.")

def show_menu():
    print("Menu")
    print("----")
    print("1. Register")
    print("2. Login")
    print("3. Logout")
    print("4. Exit")
    choice = int(input("Enter your choice: "))
    if choice == 1:
        register()
    elif choice == 2:
        login()
    elif choice == 3:
        logout(user)
    elif choice == 4:
        exit()

while True:
    show_menu()

Here is an explanation of the code

In the code, the concept of modular programming is used by separating the user registration logic and login logic into two functions, register and login. The OOP concept is used through the use of the User and UserManager classes. The User class represents a user and has attributes username, password, and is_logged_in. The User class also has the login method to verify the entered username and password and the logout method to log out of the application. The UserManager class represents the user manager and has the attribute users (a list of User objects) and the register method to add a User object to the list of users and the login method to verify the entered username and password.

In the code, the concept of control flow is also applied using a while loop and selection (if-elif-else) to determine what the application will do based on the user's input. In this case, the show_menu function will display the menu and request input from the user, then call the appropriate function based on the user's input.