Introduction: 

 
Object-oriented programming is a computer programming model that organizes software design around data, or objects, rather than functions and logic. An object can be defined as a data field that has unique attributes and behavior.

JavaScript is not actually an object-oriented language, but we can write object-oriented code by using something called a prototype object.

Understanding Objects:

• In JavaScript, objects are fundamental entities that represent real-world entities, concepts, or functionalities. 
• They encapsulate data (properties) and behavior (methods) within a single unit. Objects can be created using object literals, constructor functions, or classes in modern JavaScript.

Encapsulation:

• Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data into a single unit, known as an object. 
• It hides the internal state of an object and exposes only the necessary functionalities, promoting code organisation and modularity.

Inheritance:

• Inheritance is a mechanism that allows objects to inherit properties and methods from other objects. It promotes code reuse and establishes hierarchical relationships between objects. 
• In JavaScript, inheritance is achieved through prototype-based inheritance, where objects inherit from other objects through their prototype chains.

Polymorphism:

• Polymorphism enables objects to take on different forms or respond differently to the same method of invocation. It fosters flexibility and extensibility in code design. 
• In JavaScript, polymorphism is achieved through dynamic method binding and the ability to override methods inherited from prototypes.

Abstraction:

• Abstraction involves hiding complex implementation details and exposing only the essential features of an object. 
• It allows developers to work at a higher level of abstraction without worrying about the internal complexities, promoting code readability and maintainability.

Conclusion:

Object-oriented programming in JavaScript provides a structured approach to building scalable and maintainable applications. By embracing OOP principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction, developers can write more organised and efficient code.

Stay tuned for the next installment, where we'll dive into encapsulation by exploring how it keeps your code organised and secure using a simple example involving a coffee machine. Until then, happy coding!