jest.spyOn 监视和模拟函数的调用

dennischeung

Dennis Zhang

Posted on July 23, 2024

jest.spyOn 监视和模拟函数的调用

假设我们有一个服务文件 api.js,其中包含一个接口调用函数 fetchData:

// api.js
export const fetchData = async () => {
  const response = await fetch('https://api.example.com/data');
  const data = await response.json();
  return data;
};
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测试文件

在测试文件中,我们将使用 jest.spyOn 来模拟 fetchData 函数,并返回一个虚拟数据。

// MyComponent.test.jsx
import React from 'react';
import { render, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
import '@testing-library/jest-dom/extend-expect';
import MyComponent from './MyComponent';
import * as api from './api';

test('fetches and displays data', async () => {
  const mockData = { message: 'Hello, World!' };

  // 使用jest.spyOn监视fetchData函数,并模拟返回值
  jest.spyOn(api, 'fetchData').mockResolvedValue(mockData);

  const { getByText } = render(<MyComponent />);

  // 等待数据加载并断言显示内容
  await waitFor(() => expect(getByText('Data:')).toBeInTheDocument());
  expect(getByText(/Hello, World!/)).toBeInTheDocument();
});

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React 组件 MyComponent.jsx,它使用了这个 fetchData 函数:

// MyComponent.jsx
import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
import { fetchData } from './api';

const MyComponent = () => {
  const [data, setData] = useState(null);

  useEffect(() => {
    const getData = async () => {
      const result = await fetchData();
      setData(result);
    };
    getData();
  }, []);

  if (!data) {
    return <div>Loading...</div>;
  }

  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Data:</h1>
      <pre>{JSON.stringify(data, null, 2)}</pre>
    </div>
  );
};

export default MyComponent;

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dennischeung
Dennis Zhang

Posted on July 23, 2024

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