Hey, what's going on, folks? This is Amir from Bek Brace, and welcome to this quick introduction to the Haskell programming language. Well, sort of. What I mean to convey is that I won't assume a lack of programming knowledge on your part in this mini-course. I will operate under the assumption that you possess a foundational understanding of programming concepts. In other words, don't anticipate deep, detailed explanations about basics such as data types, data structures, arrays, loops, conditionals, and the whole package. Instead, I'll focus on elucidating novel approaches to fundamental programming concepts. My aim is not just to cover syntax but to delve into the language mentality behind accomplishing the same goals.

Here is a video I created as an introduction to the language:

The Philosophy of Haskell:
Before we dive into the practical aspects, let's understand the philosophy behind Haskell. Haskell is a widely-used purely functional language. Functional programming is based on mathematical functions. Haskell's purity, immutability, and lazy evaluation bring a unique flavor to programming. It's these features that make Haskell special. Besides Haskell, other popular languages that follow the functional programming paradigm include Lisp, Python, Erlang, and Closure.

A Brief History Lesson:
The development of Haskell traces its roots back to the late 1980s. Initially, a group of researchers aimed to create a purely functional, statically typed language with strong type inference and lazy evaluation. Early influences include the work of Haskell Curry, whose foundation in mathematical logic and Lambda calculus significantly influenced the theoretical basis of functional programming. Haskell Version 1.0 was released in 1990, introducing lazy evaluation and strong static typing. Haskell 98, released in 1998, consolidated features and set a standard. Key to Haskell's implementation is the Glasgow Haskell Compiler (GHC), developed by the GHC team led by Simon Peyton Jones.

Installation and Setup:
Now, let's get our hands dirty with Haskell. The first step is to download and install GHC from the Haskell website. GHC serves as our main compiler for Haskell programs. Once installed, you can verify it by typing "GHC --version" in your terminal or command prompt.

Hello, World!:
Like in any programming language, let's start with the traditional "Hello, World!" program. In Haskell, this is achieved with just a few lines of code. We define a main function that prints "Hello, World!" to the console. We can compile and run this program using GHC or load it into the GHCi interpreter for immediate feedback.

Hands-On Example:
To demonstrate further, let's explore a simple program that defines the main function and prints a customized message. We'll save this code in a Haskell file with the extension ".hs" and compile it using GHC. Alternatively, we can run it directly in GHCi for interactive exploration.

Open your terminal - I work on Windows, so I use Powershell - or command prompt and type "ghci" to launch the GHCi interpreter. Congratulations! You're now ready to start writing Haskell code.

Hello, World!:
Let's begin our journey with the traditional "Hello, World!" program. In Haskell, this is as simple as typing a single line of code into the GHCi interpreter:

main :: IO ()
main = putStrLn "Hello, World!"

Conclusion:
And there you have it—a brief yet comprehensive introduction to Haskell. From its philosophical underpinnings to practical examples, we've covered the essentials to get you started on your Haskell journey. Whether you're intrigued by its elegance or enticed by its functional paradigm, Haskell offers a rich and rewarding programming experience. Stay tuned for more in-depth tutorials and explorations into Haskell's vast ecosystem. Until then, happy coding!