Modifying Docker Image Attributes
This lab aims to deepen your understanding of Docker image attributes and how they can be modified and inherited across different layers of an image.

By the end of this exercise, you will be familiar with setting environment variables, working directories, exposed ports, volume definitions, container entrypoints, and commands.

Description
When you use docker container commit, you create a new layer for an image. This layer includes not only a snapshot of the filesystem but also metadata about the execution context. The following parameters, if set for a container, will be carried forward to the new image:

• Environment variables
• Working directory
• Exposed ports
• Volume definitions
• Container entrypoint
• Command and arguments If these parameters are not explicitly set, they will be inherited from the original image.

This lab will provide you with hands-on experience in modifying these attributes and observing how they are inherited across image layers.

Create a Container with Environment Variables

Run a Docker container from the busybox:latest image, setting two environment variables.
Commit the running container to a new image.
Modify the Entrypoint and Command

Run a new container from the previously committed image, setting a new entrypoint and command.

Commit this container to update the image.
Verify Inheritance of Attributes

Run a container from the final image without specifying any command or entrypoint to verify that the environment variables and the entrypoint/command are inherited correctly.

Solution Steps
Create a Container with Environment Variables
Run the container:

docker run --name container1 -e ENV_EXAMPLE1=value1 -e ENV_EXAMPLE2=value2 busybox:latest

This command creates a new container named container1 from the busybox:latest image and sets two environment variables, ENV_EXAMPLE1 and ENV_EXAMPLE2.

Commit the container to a new image:

docker commit container1 new-image

This command commits the container1 container to a new image named new-image.

Varify the image creation using the following command:

docker images

Run a new container with a specific entrypoint and command:

docker run --name container2 --entrypoint "/bin/sh" new-image -c "echo \$ENV_EXAMPLE1 \$ENV_EXAMPLE2"

This command runs a new container named container2 from the new-image image, setting the entrypoint to /bin/sh and the command to -c "echo \$ENV_EXAMPLE1 \$ENV_EXAMPLE2". This setup will print the values of the environment variables.

Expected output:

Commit this container to update the image:

docker commit container2 new-image

This will commit the container container2 to the new-image image, updating the image with the new entrypoint and command. The updated image will have the entrypoint and the command with it.

Verify the new image's entrypoint and command settings:

docker inspect --format '{{ .Config.Entrypoint }}' new-image
docker inspect --format '{{ .Config.Cmd }}' new-image

Expected output:

Run a container from the final image to verify the inherited behavior:

docker run --rm new-image

This command runs a container from the final new-image image, verifying that the environment variables and the entrypoint/command are inherited correctly.

Expected output:

By completing this lab, we hope, you have a practical understanding of how to modify and verify Docker image attributes, and how these changes are inherited across image layers.