It is important to have a solid understanding of what the internet is and how it works. The Internet has become such a large part of our lives, that a good understanding is needed to use it effectively.
Firstly, we need to know what a network is, A Network is a group of computers or other devices that are connected
When all networks are connected they form the Internet. The Internet is a network of networks
The Internet is a global network of computers connected to each other that communicate through standardized protocols.
When data is sent over the internet, it is broken up into small packets(A small unit of data transmitted over the internet.) sent from your device to a router(A device that directs packets of data between different networks.).
The router examines the packet and forwards it to the next router in the path towards its destination.
This process continues until the packet reaches its final destination. To ensure that packets are sent and received correctly, the internet uses different protocols.
A protocol is a set of rules and standards that define how information is exchanged between devices and systems, these protocols include the Internet Protocol (IP) and the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
The Internet Protocol (IP) is responsible for routing packets to their correct destination, while the transmission control protocol (TCP) ensures that packets are transmitted reliably and in the correct order.
IP addresses and domain names are both important concepts to understand when working with the internet.

An IP address is a unique identifier assigned to each device on a network. It’s used to route data to the correct destination, ensuring that information is sent to the intended recipient. IP addresses are typically represented as a series of four numbers separated by periods, such as “194.167.1.1”.Domain names on the other hand, are human-readable names used to identify websites and other internet resources. They’re composed of two or more parts, separated by periods. For example, “google.com” is a domain name. Domain names are translated into IP addresses using the Domain Name System (DNS).
HTTP is the protocol used to transfer data between a client (such as a web browser) and a server (such as a website). When you visit a website, your web browser sends an HTTP request to the server, asking for the webpage or other resource you’ve requested, the server then sends an HTTP response back to the client, containing the requested data.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the underlying communication protocol used by most Internet-based applications and services. It provides a reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data between applications running on different devices.

HTTPS is a more secure version of HTTP, which encrypts the data being transmitted between the client and server using SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security) encryption. This provides an additional layer of security, helping to protect sensitive information.